Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan adopted the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan in December 1991.
In 1995, a second constitution was adopted, outlining the country's basic legislation and establishing the foundations of an autonomous, secular, and democratic Kazakhstan.
This constitution went into effect on August 30, 1995, following national referendum ratification. More than eight million individuals participated in the nationwide referendum.
The ratification of the constitution is seen as a watershed moment in Kazakhstan's modern history, contributing to the country's political stability and economic development.
The present constitution's preamble emphasises "freedom, equality, and concord" as well as Kazakhstan's position in the international community.
Nursultan Nazarbayev, Kazakhstan's former President, initiated and participated in the development of the Constitution. It serves as the foundation for the country's socioeconomic progress.
The Constitution has been modified five times: in 1998, 2007, 2011, and 2017, and most recently in 2022.
The most major constitutional modifications were enacted in 2022. The proposed modifications were subject to a vote on June 5th, 2022. This was the first referendum since the Constitution's first approval in 1995.
